[[Thermodynamics MOC]]
# Phase change
Phase changes occur when [[Quantitative growth gives way to a qualitative leap]].
The various phase changes are shown below
```mermaid
graph LR;
	S[Solid]
	L[Liquid]
	G[Gas]
	S==>|Melting|L
	L==>|Freezing|S
	L==>|Vaporisation|G
	G<==>|Condensation|L
	S-->|Sublimation|G
	G-->|Deposition|S
```
Phase changes occur at specific combinations of [[Temperature]] and [[Pressure]], 
which can be shown in [phase diagrams](#Diagrams).
The energy required to complete a phase change for a given mass,
at a given temperature and pressure,
is the [[Heat of transformation]].

## Diagrams
![[Phase-diagram.svg]]
For $p > p_\text{cr}$ and $T > T_\text{cr}$, the distinction between liquid and gas break down,
giving way to a [[Supercritical fluid]].

![[water phase diagram.png#invert]]
Water is a strange case, increasing pressure on a solid changes it to a liquid.

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